七上英语期中复习资料
一、表示时间的介词
时间介词有in , on，at， after， since，during,by,before,after,until等，前三个介词用法有个口诀： at午夜、点与分，上午、下午、晚用in。
年、月、年月、季节、周，之前加上介词in。
将来时态多久后，这些情形亦用in。
日子、日期、年月日，星期之前要用on。
其余几组常见的时间介词辨析如下辨析如下：
1、时间介词in与after 的用法辨析
介词 in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go to school in two weeks.
介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如：My mother came home after half an hour.
介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go out for a walk after supper.
2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析
介词for 表示一段时间如：I have been living here for 10 years.
介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如：I have been living here since 2000.
3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如：He won’t come back before five .
介词by表示“到…时为止，不迟于…”如：The work must be finished by Friday.
4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析
当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如：He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如：I haven’t seen her for years.
5、时间介词till与until用法的异同
till和until用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到…为止”，如：I will wait till(until)seven o'clock.
till和until用在否定句中，均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如：Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight.
till多用于普通文体，而 until则用于多种文体，并且在句子开头时，用until而不用till如：Until he comes back，nothing can be done.
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。
二、表示方位的介词
常用的表示方位的介词用法及辨析如下：
1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析
介词on表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table.
介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”，如：Is there any bridge over the river?
介词above表示一般的“高于…”，“在…之上”，如：There was an electric clock above his bed.
2、方位介词under与below的用法辨析
介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”，如：They were seen under the tree.
介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”，“在…之下”，如：They live below us.
3、方位介词across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”，强调从表面穿过。
如：She went across the street to make some purchases.
介词through着重于“穿越”，强调从一定的空间内穿过。
如：The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介词over多表示从“上方越过”，如：He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介词past表示从“面前经过”，如：Someone has just gone past the window.
4、地点介词at与in的用法辨析
介词at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等，如：He lives at a small village.
介词in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing.
5、表示东南西北的时候，地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析
介词in表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China.
介词on表示“紧邻”如：Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
介词to表示“没接触”如：France lies to the south of England.
三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with.
1、by,in,on,表示交通方式。用by 时，交通工具前不用任何词;用 in和on 时，交通工具前用冠词或形容词性物主代词。例如by car=in a car,by bike=on a bike.
2、表示手段或工具，with后跟具体工具，如I write with a pen;in表示使用某种语言或墨水、颜色等原料，例如：in English.
四、介词的固定搭配
across from在对面 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 get on with 与某人相处
agree with 同意(某人) arrive at(in) 到达 ask for 询问 begin…with 从……开始 believe in 相信 break off 打断 break out 爆发 bring down 降低 bring in 引进 bring up 教育，培养 build up 建起 burn down 烧光 call back 回电话 call for 要求约请 call on 拜访 访问 care for 喜欢 carry on 继续开展 carry out 实行开展 check out 查明 结帐 come about 发生，产生 come out 出来 come to 共计 达到 compare…with 与……比较 compare to 比作 cut off 切断 date from 始于 depend on 依靠 devote to 献于 die out 灭亡 divide up 分配 dream of 梦想 fall off 下降 fall over 跌倒 feed on 以……为食 get down to 专心于 get through 通过
七上英语期中复习资料
词汇：1.称呼类词汇：sister 姐;妹 mother妈妈 father爸爸
brother兄;弟grandmother祖母;外祖母 grandfather祖父;外祖父
aunt姑母;伯母;婶母uncle叔;伯;舅;姨夫son 儿子
cousin表(堂)兄弟(姐妹) daughter女儿
2. 本单元出现的缩写：that’s = that is he’s = he is
3. 本单元出现的指示代词：these 这些 those 那些
4. thanks for 为……而感谢
句式：1. This/that/These+ be动词+ sb’s …
This is his sister. That is my brother. These are his brother.
2. be动词+代词+…Is this your sister? Is she your sister?
3. Thanks for … Thanks for the photo of your family.
4. Here +be 动词+… Here is my family photo. 句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isn’t.
Is she your sister? No, she isn’t.
2,This is my friend. These are my friends.
That is my brother. Those are my brothers.
3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.
photo of your family = your family photo
语法：可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es
watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es boy- boys, family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photos
Unit 4 Where’s my backpack?
词汇：
1.本单元出现的家具类词汇：table桌子 bed床 bookcase书橱，书柜 sofa沙发 chair椅子 drawer抽屉
2.表位置的介词短语：under the table在桌子下面 on the sofa在沙发上in the backpack在双肩背包里 under the bed在床下面 on the chair在椅子上 on the dresser在梳妆台上on the table在桌子上 in the drawer在抽屉里 on the floor在地板上3.math book数学书 4.alarm clock闹钟5.computer game电脑游戏6.video tape录像带7.take sth. to sb.把某物带给某人
take these things to your sister把这些东西带给你姐姐8.ID card身份证9.bring sth. to some place把某物到给某地bring some things to school把一些物品带到学校10.pencil case铅笔盒11.in the bedroom在卧室12.in the kitchen在厨房
句型：Where’s the baseball? It’s in the backpack.
Where’s my computer game? It’s under the bed.
Where are his keys? They’re on the dressser.
Where are your books? They’re on the chair.
Where are her keys? They’re on the table.
Where are you? I’m at school.
Is it on the dresser? No, it isn’t.
Please take these things to your sister.
Can you bring some things to school?
The book is on the floor.
七上英语期中复习资料
一、短语
1. good morning/afternoon/evening/night
2. first/last/family name
3. telephone/phone number
4. ID card/school ID card
5. pencil case/sharpener
二、句型/语法点
1. How are you?
2. Nice to meet you!
3. What’s this in English?=What’s the English for this?
4. How do you spell it?
5. Spell it, please.
6. What color is it?
7. What’s your(his/her) name?=May I know your name?
8. What’s your phone/telephone number?
[七上英语期中复习资料]