考研英语 你的幽默必须和听众

考研英语 你的幽默必须和听众有关

If you intend usinghumor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify sharedexperiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience andshould help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand theirsituation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom youare addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a groupof managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment ontheir disorganized bosses.

Here is an example,which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because theaudience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and isbeing shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens,sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until,waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a manin a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stompsover to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter.“Oh, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor.”

If you are part of thegroup which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know theexperiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll beappropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food orthe chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn'tattempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparagingremarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground ifyou stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.

If you feel awkwardbeing humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural, include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuffremarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's thedelivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember thata raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making alight-hearted remark.

Look for the humor. Itoften comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don'tsucceed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggerationand understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentenceswhich you can turn about and inject with humor.

全文翻译

如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和问题。你的幽默必须和听众有关，应该帮助你向他们显示你是他们当中的一员，你了解他们的情况，同情他们的观点。根据你谈话对象的不同，问题也有所不同。如果你在和一群经理谈话，你就可以提及他们秘书的`混乱的方法；或者，如果你说话的对象是一群秘书，你就可以评价一下她们没有条理的老板。

这里就有一个这样的例子，是我在一个护士大会上听到的。这个故事效果很好，因为所有的听众都对医生有同样的看法。说，有一个人到了天堂，正被圣·彼得带着四处参观。他看到了令人惊奇的住所、美丽的花园、晴朗的天气等等。每一个人都很平和、礼貌和友善，直到排队吃午饭的时候，这位新来的人突然被一位身穿白大褂的人推到一旁，只见该人径直挤到了队伍的前头，抓起食物，大摇大摆走到一张餐桌旁。“这是谁啊？”新来的人问圣·彼得。“哦，那是上帝，”他回答说，“他有时自以为是名医生。”

如果你是你谈话对象的一部分，你就会了解大伙共同的经历和问题，你就可对餐厅难以下咽的食物或者总裁在领带方面差劲的品味评头论足。而对于其他类型的听众，你就不能试图插嘴地讲这种幽默，因为他们也许不喜欢外人诋毁他们的餐厅或总裁。如果你咬住邮局或电话局这样的替罪羊，那你就处于更加安全的境地。

如果你在幽默时觉得很尴尬，你就必须进行练习使它变得更自然。加入一些很随便的、显然是即兴的话的同时你就可以用轻松的、不做作的方式把它们说出来了。常常是表达的方式使听众发笑，因此要说慢一些，并且记住要抬抬眉毛或者做出一种不相信的表情，这些都会有助于显示你正在说笑话。

寻找幽默，它常常来的出其不意。恶搞一下名言“你要是一开始不成功，不如放弃”，或者是玩文字游戏和戏谑某个场景。寻找夸张用语和打折扣的话。看看你的谈话，挑几个能够倒过来说的词汇和句子，再注入一些幽默。

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