考研英语阅读各题型解题要点
针对考研英语不同类型的题，应该如何解题呢，
考研英语阅读各题型解题要点
。下面YJBYS小编为大家精心搜集了关于考研英语阅读各题型的解题要点，欢迎大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到大家!
一、细节题
【解题方法】题干+选项精确定位法
【解题步骤】
1. 找出题干关键词，精确定位到文章
返回原文可依据以下几个关键点来：
1)可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文;
2)根据出题的顺序返回原文;
3)根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词，或同义词返回原文;
4)通过长难句返回原文。
2. 将所选答案精确定位到文章
【例题】2014年Text 1
21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?
[A] A big house
[B] A special tour
[C] A stylish car
[D] A rich meal
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories ormemories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
【解题步骤应用】
1 题干定位
Dumn and Norton--- Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton
According to---say
the most rewarding ---far better
purchase--- to spend money on
因此，答案定位在 experiences like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema.
2 选项定位
答案[B] A special tour
special----interesting 表示"特别的，有趣的";
a tour----trips 表示"旅程"。
二、推理题
【解题方法】段落中心句+具体细节
【解题步骤】
1.找出题干关键词，精确定位到文章段落。
2.找出该段落的'中心句。
3.将段落中心句与具体细节句相结合，与选项匹配。绝大多数推理题答案是文章中心或原文某句话的同义表达。正确答案与原文之间基本上不存在推理关系。
【例题】2014年Text 1
24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money ____.
[A] has left much room for readers' criticism
[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
[C] has predicted a wider income gap in the US.
[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement
Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors' policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 题干定位
题干关键词：the last paragraph
Happy Money----this book
2. 段落中心句
该段中出现了两个句间转折词yet和but，中心句应为最后一个转折词之后的句子，所以本段的中心句为most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent。
3. 匹配选项
[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
worthwhile purchase ---- money well spent 意思是"这本书值得购买"
三、主旨题
【解题方法】主题词+串线法
【解题步骤】
1. 找出文章的主题词，通常为名词。
2. 找出文章各个段落的中心句，并将中心句串在一起。
3. 宏观阅读，匹配选项。正确选项通常体现全局以及概括性信息，因此选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选择范围过宽的信息。
【例题】2014年Text 1
25. This text mainly discusses how to____.
[A] balance feeling good and spending money
[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries
[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuries
What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories or memories - particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors' policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 文章主题词：spending money, happiness
2. 各个段落的中心句
第一段：最后一句，
资料共享平台
《考研英语阅读各题型解题要点》(http://meiwen.anslib.com)。该句指出如果老妇人希望这笔新得到的财富获得长期的成就感(lasting feelings of fulfillment)，那么最好读一下《开心理财》这本书。第二段：第五句。该句指出《开心理财》这本书的两位作者的观点，即最好把钱花在一些经历上，这些经历会随着时间的流逝变得更有价值(more valuable with time)。
第三段：第一句。该句指出这本书主要涉及的内容是给人们提出了一些"如何从钱财中获得最大幸福感"(happiness bang for your buck)的建议。
第四段：最后一句。该句指出，这本书值得够买，体现出作者对这本书持肯定态度，即作者赞同这本书中的观点。
3. 匹配选项
[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
文章的主题词：money spent
lasting satisfaction ---- happiness
四、态度题
【解题方法】用词的感情色彩或举例的方式
【解题步骤】
1. 根据题干中的关键词回文定位
2. 找出该关键词的相关修饰语，进行感情色彩的判断。在判断感情色彩时，应结合以下两点。
1)作者态度可以分为三大类：a. 正向态度：支持，乐观，赞同; b. 客观、中立、公正;c. 负向态度：反对、批评、怀疑
2)特别注意作者的态度一般与文章中心相联系。不要把自己的态度纳入其中，而且要注意区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度。
3. 匹配选项。匹配选项时应该注意：
1)有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项)：indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)。
2)一般带有绝对化或者过于强烈的语气的选项必然是错误的，如：strongly;completely;entirely。
【例题】2014年Text 1
22. The author's attitude toward Americans' watching TV is ____.
[A] critical
[B] supportive
[C] sympathetic
[D] ambiguous
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 回文定位
关键词"American's watching TV"出现在该段第二句话：it seems most people would be better… if they spend less of it watching television (something the average spending a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it)。
2. 相关修饰词
1) It would be better if they spend less of it. 意思是"如果少花点时间看电视则会好点。"
2) hardly jollier意思是"不开心"。
3) 得出作者的态度是负向的。
3. 匹配选项
[A] critical 批评的----负向态度
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