高考英语典型陷阱题详解•动词时态

时间：2023-05-07 14:20:58 英语语法我要投稿

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高考英语典型陷阱题详解•动词时态

　　1. "I _____ his telephone number." "I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book."

高考英语典型陷阱题详解•动词时态

　　A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot

　　C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget

　　【陷阱】容易误选A，认为"忘记"是现在的事。

　　【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说"我忘记他的电话号码了"，这个"忘记"应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 forget；第二个人说"我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了"，这个"忘记"应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词 but），故第二空应填 forgot，即答案选应C.请再看一例：

　　- Oh, I ______ where he lives.

　　- Don't you carry your address book?

　　No, I ______ to bring it.

　　A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot

　　C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget

　　答案选C，理由同上。

　　2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.

　　A. was B. had been

　　C. would be D. would have been

　　【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。

　　【分析】但正确答案为A，前一句谓语用had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为"本想"，而后一句说"我太忙"，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题（答案均为A）：

　　（1） We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.

　　A. found B. had found

　　C. would find D. would have found

　　（2） We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.

　　A. didn't B. hadn't

　　C. needn't D. would not have

　　（3） We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.

　　A. had B. had had

　　C. would have D. would have had

　　（4） I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn't get away.

　　A. called B. had called

　　C. would call D. would have called

　　（5） The traffic accident wouldn't have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.

　　A. was B. is

　　C. were D. had been

　　3. Dear me! Just _____ at the time! I _____ no idea it was so late.

　　A. look, have B. looking, had

　　C. look, had D. looking, have

　　【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。

　　【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说"看看时间吧"，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，"不知道这么迟了"显然应是"过去"的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。

　　4. "Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it." "It's 4331577."

　　A. didn't B. couldn't

　　C. don't D. can't

　　【陷阱】此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在"没听清对方的话"。

　　【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境"请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？"可知"没听清对方的电话号码"应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：

　　（1）"Mr Smith isn't coming tonight." "But he _____."

　　A. promises B. promised

　　C. will promise D. had promised

　　答案选B，"他答应（要来）"应发生在过去。

　　（2）"Hey, look where you are going!" "Oh, I'm terribly sorry. _____."

　　A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing

　　C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice

　　答案选B，"我没注意"是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。

　　（3）"Oh it's you! I ________ you." "I've had my hair cut."

　　A. didn't realize B. haven't realized

　　C. didn't recognize D. don't recognized

　　答案选C."没认出是你"是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。

　　（4）"What's her new telephone number?" "Oh, I _____."

　　A. forget B. forgot

　　C. had forgotten D. am forgetting

　　此题应选A，从语境上看，"忘记"的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。

　　（5）"Since you've agreed to go, why aren't you getting ready?" "But I ______ that you would have me start at once."

　　A. don't realize B. didn't realize

　　C. hadn't realized D. haven't realized

　　答案选B."没意识到"是对方提醒之前的事。

　　（6）"It's twelve o'clock, I think I must be off now." "Oh, really? I ______ it at all."

　　A. don't realize B. haven't realized

　　C. didn't realize D. hadn't realized

　　答案选C."没意识到"是在听到的话之前的事。

　　5. Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.

　　A. has written B. wrote

　　C. had written D. was writing

　　【陷阱】容易误选B或C.

　　【分析】此题应选D，这是由 but I don't know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为"史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了"。有的同学可能由于受 last year的影响而误选B.但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为"史密斯先生去年写了一本书"，既然是"写了"，那么这与下文的"但我不知道他现在是否写完了"相矛盾。

　　6. He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______.

　　A. is, is B. was, was

　　C. is, was D. was, is

　　【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

　　【分析】最佳答案选C，上文说"他"变化很大，即"他"现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is，第二空填 was（其实第二空也可用 used to be）。请看类例：

　　"What place is it?" "Haven't you found out we _____ back where we ______?"

　　A. were, had been B. have been, are

　　C. are, were D. are, had been

　　答案选C，We are back where we were 的意思是"我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方"。

　　7. He is very busy. I don't know if he _____ or not tomorrow.

　　A. come B. comes

　　C. will come D. is coming