第一篇:高考英语复习资料
完型填空技巧
做完形填空题应从哪些方面入手？
1.首先要以很快的速度浏览全文，掌握文章的主旨，不要急于看选项。浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when，where，what。 完形填空
命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话。例如：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next? 这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热涨冷缩的物理现象有关。 2.根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。
3.试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。(“字面译、通逻辑、搞代入、全文译”) 具体操作中应注意的问题 1.看清上下文，找准定位词
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：
1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is veryvery＿＿＿＿＿. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。
2)Mrs O’Neill asked＿＿＿＿＿questionsand she didn’t scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. more
and是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。
2.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：
Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself＿＿＿＿＿so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of
表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to?故答案为C。
3.扎实基础，搞清辨异
Soon I heard a＿＿＿＿＿like that of a door burst inand then a climb of feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。
4.看清执行者，确定所选词 And video cameras can be used to＿＿＿＿＿people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 句中动作的发出者是video cameras因此答案是C，意思是“记录”。
5.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系
It has been many years since I was last in London＿＿＿＿＿I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示
转折的连词but.
6.了解生活常识，确定相关知识
(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the＿＿＿＿＿hospital.
A. animal B. biggestC. plant D. nearest
在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。
英语作文高分秘诀
在作文中经常有一些好句子可以借鉴，为此，特总结如下，务必全部脱口而出。 1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. Many experts point out that physical exercise
contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
5.写信的开头：Very glad to receive your letter of July 13. 6.One day after school,XiaoMing passed a Café on his way home.
7.The boss had no choice but to let him in. 8.How he enjoyed himself on the computer!
9.Walking home full of fear,he was sure that he would be scolded.
10.However,other students are against the idea.
11.Sometimes we have too many examinations which are too difficult for us.
12.today’s activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of LeiFeng:sharing with others what you have—you time,energy,or knowledge—makes you fell warm in you heart.It has truly a difference in how I feel about myself. 13.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.
14.No matter what he says，I won’t believe. 15. Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortable. 16. At the news of his death，she went pale with sorrow. 三、写作指导
多使用过渡性词语。这样使文章更加连贯、更具有逻辑性。 （1）表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top ofthat，another，first second third等。
（2）表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，lat er，immediately，soon，next，in afew days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。（3）表示空间顺序的过渡词：near（to），far（from），in frontof，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，tothe right left，around，outside等。
（4）表示比较的过渡词：in thesameway，justlike，justas等。 （5）表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on
theotherhand，onthecon trary，in spite of，even though等。 （6）表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，then，thus，otherwise等。
（7）表示目的的过渡词：forthisreason，forthispurpose，so that等。 （8）表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，withoutanydoubt，truly，torepeat，aboveall，mostimportant等。
（9）表示解释说明的过渡词：forexample，in fact，in thiscase，foractually等。
（10）表示总结的过渡词：finally，atlast，inconclusion，asIhaveshown，inoth erword，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，ashasbeen stated等。 四、获得高分的英语书面表达的六大特性。
（1）条理性。指的是合理布局文章结构。首先，在文章思路、组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性。其次，根据需要，安排好段落，各段之间要层次分明，也要重视每一段的开头和结尾，开头语往往是总起句，结尾语往往是总结句。
（2）准确性。指要求写出语法正确的句子，包括时态、语态、用词和句法等，要准确、地道地表达。必须要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或习惯表达，避免中式英语，在实践中不断总结中英用法的差异，养成用英语思维写作的习惯。
（3）流畅性。指根据整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的连接手段，使文章层次清楚、行文连贯。（4）简洁多样性。简洁性就是语言简洁，不重复。多样性就是能随情景内容的变化写出句式多样的语句。这也是新课程标准对写作的评价标准。
（5）思想性。新标准对写作的要求，增加了情感因素，在准确流畅表达写作要点的同时，适当增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章读起来更亲切，完全达到与读者进行交流的目的。 （6）美观性。指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、干净、整洁。 五、写作步骤
每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。
单项选择
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21 .— Jenny looks hot and dry.
— So______ you if you had a high fever. A. will B.do C.are D.would 22. The joke told by Tom made us______, so our maths teacher couldn’t make himself______.
A. laugh; hearing B.laugh;heard
C. laughing; hear D.laughed; to be heard
23. It was ______ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair D. in repair
24. The old woman had a letter from her son in the army_____ to her.
A. read B. write C. written D. received
25. She was so angry at all ______ I was doing ______ she walked out.
A. that; which B. that; that C. which; that D. which; as to 26. ---May I take your order now? ---_______.
A. No,Im in trouble now B.Yes, we obey orders
C. Yes, Id like a dish of chicken D.No, I dont have a choice of meat
27. It made all the Chinese happy _____ China succeeded in sending up the first manned spaceship. A.when B.because C.that D.if
28. To our surprise, the painting considered______ should have won the prize.
A. being copied B. having been copied
C. to have copied D. to have been copied 29.— I like football.
A.So do B.So are C.So did D. So it is with 30. The music he is playing sounds_____.
A. nicely B. sweetly C. lively D. pleasantly
31. At the beginning of the party,______ of the guests was given a piece of paper.
A. everyone B.each C. every D.all
32.---If you like the new house, I suggest you buying it. ---But its really too expensive. I cant______ it. A. get B. afford C. supply D. support
33. Is there a bookshop around ______ I can buy an English and Chinese dictionary?
A. which B. where C.that D.what
34. This photo of mine was taken ______ stood the famous Eastern Bright Pearl in Shanghai.
A. which B. in which C. where D. there
35. He is neither______ European, nor______ American. He is from______ Australia.
A.a; a; / B.a; an; the C.a; an; / D.an; an; /
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21.--- Do you know Uncle Tom is crazy about gardening? ---Sure. He ____ his flowers in the garden now. A. may be watering B. must be watering C. could look after D. ought to watch
22.____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experience.
A. Since B. With C. As D. For
23. Id love ___ to your party last Sunday if not because of the unexpected guests.
A. to go B. going C. having gone D.to have gone 24. --Will you two go to the show tomorrow?
---No. Were going to a lecture, or at least Im planning ____.
A. it B. to C. that D. so
25. The rescue team ______to help but failed to get there in time.
A. had wanted B. have planned C. were expecting D. hoped 26.1 havent got a single ______from Aunt Mary since I last saw her.
A. advice B. news C. message D. information
27.---Is it Pro. King that will give the lecture on radiation?
--- I cant __ I know it for sure.
A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk
28. "No, no ", he whispered,____ talking to himself. A. while B. even if C. as if D. when 29. --- Any phone call for me?
--- Yes.____ telephoned 10 minutes ago.
A. A Doctor Simpson B. The certain doctor C. The Tim Smith D. A Simpson Doctor
30. ____ is mentioned above, the number of the cattle here has been limited to 200.
A. It B. Which C. That D. As
31. ---Would you please give him the paper the moment he ____?
--- No problem.
A. arrives B. appearing C. came D. reaches 32.I wonder ____ we can solve this hard problem.
A. what else B. how else C. that D. as if
33.--- Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the bank? ---Oh, thats ____, its either the second or the third road on the left.
A. the difficult one B. a hard one C. an easy one D. the very one 34. The newly-founded company is faced with lots of trouble, ____ the financial problem ia not the worst.
A. which B. of which C. to whom D. with which
35. To his surprise, his new play well ____ by the public in China, met a cold welcome abroad.
A. received B. accepted C. accepting D. receiving
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21.--- ____ at the new school?
--- Fine, Ive got used to the life there and Ive made some friends.
A. How are you B. How are you doing
C. Are you getting on well D. How do you do 22. ---Mary has a very low opinion of George. ---It can t be any worse than ____ of her. A. he B. his C. him D. he does
23. Ill be home late, but please dont stay ____ for me. A. up B. in C. over D. on 24.--- What are you going to do next? --- To write a science story about outer space ___ by Science and Technology Press.
A. published B. being published C. to be published D. publishing 25. ---How do you like the film?
---There was nothing special--- it was only ____. A. average B. usual C. normal D. common
26. In salad bars the waiter does not bring you salad. You have to____ yourself, usually to as much as you want. A. bring B. serve C. help D. supply
27. Our TV sets sell well, but ten years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ____. A. were having B. had had C. were to have D. had 28. Let us suppose that you are in____ position of____ parent. Would you allow your child to do such a thing? A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
29.--- He has to finish the experiment today. He must be in the lab,____?
---That s quite possible.
A. mustnt he B. wont he C. doesnt he D. isnt he 30. However, at times this balance in nature is disturbed, ____ a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A. lying in B. calling in C. taking in D. resulting in 31. I wrote to my parents once a week,____ I was too busy with my teaching work.
A. it B. unless C. when D. as
32. ---Where will you start your work after graduation? ---Mmm, its not been decided yet. I ____ continue my study for a higher degree.
A. need B. must C. would D. might 33. The truth, Sir, is that the old man____ across the street when my car hit him.
A. was to walk B. had been walkingC. walked D. was walking 34. So many uses have been discovered for this wood ____ the supply of white pine is becoming smaller and smaller. A. then B. what C. that D. which 35.---You seemed to have been impressed by his songs. ---Well, not exactly so. It was his way of singing____ his voice that really impressed me. A. rather than B. as well as C. but also D. together with
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. I smoke out of ____ habit, not for ____ pleasure; for I have been in the habit for twenty years. A. a; the B. the; a C. x; the D. x; x
22. His job is to sell the ____ carvings in the ____ department of the company.
A. wooden; sales B. wood; salesC. wood; saleD. wooden; sale 23. My father ____ my brother for driving but he wanted to pick ____ the knowledge of the computer during his spare time. A. advised; upB.persuaded; outC.intended; upD.managed; out 24. ---Whose advice do you think I should take? ---_______.
A.You speak B.Thats itC.Its up to you D.You got it 25. ____ the youth ____ the rising sun at 8 or 9 oclock am, Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men. A. Comparing; withB. Compared; to C. Compared; with D. Comparing; to
26. Not far from the club, there was a girden, ____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.
A. whose B. its C. which D. that
27. I haven t seen Mary these past few days. I m afraid she ____ herself for some time.
A. isnt feeling B. hasn t been feeling C. hadnt been feeling D. wasnt feeling
28. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve yor test scores, and this is especially true ____ it comes to classroom tests.
A. before B. since C. when D. after 29. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily ____ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.
A. take over B. result in C. hold on D. keep to 30. The teacher came to the classroom and demanded ____ what had happened.
A. his students to tell him B. being told C. telling him D. to be told
31. There were many students and teachers at the party yesterday. I looked for two seats to sit down with my friend, Tim, but there were ____.
A. neither B. nothing C. none D. no
32. It is in Steven Spielberg s first film, Jaws, ____ a big white shark attacks swimmers ____ are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea. A. where; who B. which; thatC. that; that D. where; that 33. ---What do you think of the dinner in Mr Browns? ---Oh, great! We have never had a better one. Its a dinner of twenty ____.
A. drinks B. people C. tables D. courses
34. The captain ordered the crew to throw ____ the side of the ship all heavy guns and even stores in order to raise the boat in the water.
A. on B. through C. across D. over
35. Knowing how long the test would last, the students who finished ____ back and waited until the end of the exam. A. settle B. settled C. settling D. to settle
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. What ______ public is concerned about is whether medical workers and scientists will be able to find for this new disease in a short time.
A.不填;不填 B.不填;the C. the;不填 D.the;a 22._____ good, these cookies sell well.
A.Smelled B. Smelling C. Being smelled D. To smell 23.--- Havent I told you that I like the beef well done? ---Yes, but I _____ it longer than I usually do. A. was cooking B.will cook C. cooked D. had cooked 24. We ve published large quantities of books. This year___ weve published three million.
A. only B. just C. alone D. merely
25. He ______. Its a shame my mobile phone was power-off. A. ought to call me B. could have called me C. may be calling me D.might call me 26.---Since you cant find a better job, why dont you stick to the present one? ---Well,_____.
A.I believe not B.I dont care C. Never mind D. I might as well
27.The wedding party is to be held on May 18,_____ is, ten days_____ today.
A. which; fromB.that;except C.that;from D.as;since
28.You dont have to share the umbrellas. Ill give you one_____.
A.every B.each C.all D.both
29.---Tom, keep your_____ on your studies. --- Sure, mum. Ill keep that in_____.
A. mind;mind B.heart;headC. brain; mind D.heart;brain 30.According to the Ministry of Health, by May 1, 2003, the total SARS deaths on the Chinese mainland_____to 170. A.has come B. had reached C.increased D. had climbed 31. The door opened and in _____.
A. he came B. came he C. did he come D. did Mr Smith come 32. After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in_____ later proved a new continent.
A.where B. what C.which D.that
33._____ I toured Zhang Jiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
A.For the fust time B. At first
C.It was the first time D. The first time 34._____ private cars are bringing us convenience, they may also cause more traffic accidents and pollution. A.While B.As C.If D.Since
35. Having ended the major combat (主战), President Bush_____ rebuilding Iraq.
A. started out B. went all out C. turned to D. went on
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. _____ wants to study well must learn things _____. A. No matter who; with heart B.Who; with his heart C. Whoever; by heart D. Whoever; by his heart 22. My enthusiasm for Chinese football team gradually _____ because of their countless failures.
A. disappeared B. faded C. ran out D. gave up
23 .Jane,_____ at the news of the earthquake, was at a loss for words. A. shock B. shocked C. shocking D. having shocked 24. ---I went to the beach and got plenty of rest. --- _____ You looked tired last time I saw you. A. I had hoped so. B.Really?
C. I m glad you did. D. That sounds a good idea.
25. If you are able to talk to a friend over the telephone, you feel that you are close _____ the actual distance is not shortened.
A. even if B. so long as C.if D. as 26.---The terrible flood brought about $10 million in losses to this islandcountry, ---_____.
A.Quite OK B.Certainly C. Thats the case D.I agree 27. We have been told that under no circumstance_____ the telephone in the office for personal affairs. A.may we use B.we may ring C.we could borrow D.did we answer 28.--- Have a nice weekend! ---Yes._____.
A.The same to you B.You do too C.The same as you D.You have it too 29. Cold as the weather was, our trip there _____ to be great fun.
A. made outB. found out C. turned out D. left out
30.--- We really enjoyed ourselves at the party. Thanks again, Mr and Mrs Johnson.
---____. Just drop in whenever you feel like it. A. With pleasure B. Our great honor
C. Nice to meet you here D. Nice having met you here 31. Many people are still in _____ habit of writing silly things in _____ public places.
A.the;the B./; / C. the; / D. /; the 32.---Did you listen to the speech?
--- No, we ______ it. But we had a lot of traffic on our way.
A. could have attended B.must have attended C. could attend D. shouldnt have attended 33.---Im hungry, whats for the supper? ____
---I havent, actually Ive just made a large salad, but theres loaf of fresh bread if you want to. A. Why is supper not ready now? B. Lets go out for dinner.
C.I hope youve made plenty of chips. D.We had a good dinner yesterday.
34. You’ve switched the machine off. I told you not to,_____?
A.didnt I B.havent you C. will you D. did I
35. Television has many advantages. It keeps us _____ about the _____ news and also provides entertainment in the house. A. informed; latest B. to know; later C. learning; latter D. to think; latest
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. ---You don’t seem to be quite yourself today. What’s wrong? --- Oh, Im suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, ____. A. though B. yet C. indeed D.anyway
22. You ____ pay too much attention to your reading skill. Its so important.
A. cannot B. should C. must D. neednt
23. No sooner had he got home than he ____his coat and sat
down at the table.
A. threw off B. threw out C. threw about D. threw sway 24. The man, ____ legs were badly hurt by a ______worker, was____to hospital at once.
A. whose; careless; taken B. his; careless; sent
C. whose; carelessly; sent D. his; carelessly; taken 25. Could it be in the restaurant in ____ you had dinner with me yesterday ____ you lost your handbag?
A. that; whichB. which; thatC. where; thatD. that; where 26. The professor has received the letter ____ to give a lecture in ftinceton Institute.
A. being invited B. to be invited C. inviting himD. invited 27. Never did we have to play "stand up", "sit down", "speak out". I dont ____ one student who didn’t try his best. A. hear from B. feel like C. think about D. know of 28. In my opinion, all Mr White ____ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study. A. does does doesB.does did do C.does does do D.did do does 29. ---What do you think of my suggestion?
--- Sorry. Whats that? I ____ about something else. A. thought B. am thinking C. was thinking D. had thought 30. In order to ____ the debt, the couple has worked hard for years with little food and only a small room to live in and never a moments rest.
A. pay for B. pay back C. pay D. return back 31. Every year, ____ graduates take pan in TOEFL for further education abroad.
A. too much B. several scores C. many a D. scores of 32. Its no secret to us, but he alone is in the dark. It means ____.
A. nobody but him knows the secret B. we all know the secret except him
C. its so dark that he cant see everything clearly D. only the needs to keep the secret
33. To read newspaper before going to bed seemed to me a rule ____.
A. to never break B. never to have broken C. never to be breaking D. never to be broken
34. Swimmers must be very strong in order to build up speed because of the high resistance of the water. Runners, ____, must struggle against the heavy resistance of the air and ground.
A. generally B. similarly C. naturally D. probably 35. Bob, quickly get this film ____. I want to know if this camera works well.
A. washed B. developed C. printed D. shown
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. ---Good morning. Grand Hotel.
---Hello, Id like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.
A. What can I do for you? B. Just a minute, please. C. Whats the matter? D. At your service.
22. You’d better choose someone______ you think ____ kind and friendly to help you.
A. whom; to beB. who; is C. that; is D. which; to be 23. Readers can __quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get along B. get over C. get in D. get through
24. The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language ____ in the 16th century. A. came about B. came out C. came along D. came up 25. I shall always ____ your friendship greatly for friendship is more important than money.
A. value B. pay high respect C. respect D. store 26. Later they discovered, ____ was news to him, that Pamela was the headmaster’s daughter.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
27. Was it in this very room ____ he made up his mind ____ he should break away from his family? A. that; which B. which; that C. which; which D. that; that 28. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered ____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all. A.to have founded B.having foundedC. founding D. to found 29. ____has been said before, it is not easy to learn a foreign language.
A. As B. It C. What D. As it
30. The employee must have been dismissed by the employer last month, ____ he?
A. havent B. hasnt C. didnt D. wasnt
31.---I didnt go to work yesterday because my car broke down.
---You ____ mine. I wasnt using it then. A. might borrow B. could have borrowed C. must have borrowed D. ought to borrow
32. I admired my classmate Lisa very much. ____ her prettiness, she was smart and helpful.
A. Except for B. But for C. Apart from D. In spite of 33. I haven’t seen her ____ the time ____ she had the accident.
A. for; that B. since; when C. since; as D. for; when 34. ---Im going to Guilin next week. Do you have anything ____ there?
---No, but thank you all the same.
A. to be taken B. to take C. taking D. taken
35. The ____ is that the new machine will arrive tomorrow. A. chance B. luck C. happening D. accident
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21.I tried to call on you last week but your dog simply ____ not let me come through the gate.
A. could B. would C. might D. should 22.I wonder what it feels like to be one of______really rich. The Jenkinsons already have two Rolls Royces and now they are buying ____ third!
A.the; a B.the;the C./;a D./;the
23. The second runway of Hong Kong International Airport was officially ____ on May 26,1990.
A. put into effect B. made use of C. taken notice of D. put into use
24. Im not ____ my best tonight. Id better not have anything for supper. Perhaps youd_____me some tea. A. trying;giveB.doing;offerC.making;bring D.feeling; make 25.---Hello,______
---It must be about two years since we last met. What have you been doing with yourself?
--- Ive been doing all sorts of things. A.I havent seen you for ages
B how long have you been like this? C. where have you been these years? D.nice to see you again.
26. It was very cold ____ they still went swimming.
第二篇:高考英语复习专题
语法复习专题一——名词
一、考点聚焦
1.可数名词单、复数变化形式
（1）规则变化。
①单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy — boys, pen — pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass — glasses,box— boxes, watch — watches, brush — brushes。
特例：stomach — stomaches。
③以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。如：
baby — babies, lady — ladies, fly — flies。
④以“o”结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato — tomatoes, potato — potatoes, hero — heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos, photo — photos, piano — pianos, kilo — kilos, tobacco — tobaccos。 ⑤以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v”，之后再加-es。如：wife — wives, life — lives, knife — knives, wolf— wolves, self — selves, leaf — leaves等。特例：handkerchief— handkerchiefs, roof — roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs, belief — beliefs, cliff — cliffs。
⑥改变元音字母的。如：man — men, mouse — mice, foot — feet,
woman — women, tooth — teeth, goose — geese, ox — oxen。特例：child — children。
⑦复合名词的复数形式。（A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。如：armchair — armchairs, bookcase — bookcases, bookstore — book-
stores。（B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：man doctor — men doctors, woman driver — women dri-
vers。（C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加-s。如：brother-in-law — brothers-in-law, passer-by — passers-by。
⑧有的名词有两种复数形式。如：zero — zeros 、zeroes, deer —
deers 、deer。penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同。如：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便
（2）不规则变化。
①单、复数同形。如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,
Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。
②合成名词的复数。如：boy-friend — boy-friends, go-between— go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up — grown-ups。
③有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods
货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, campasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高热情地，give one’s regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。
④集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people,
cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。
2、不可数名词的数
（1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：
①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：
抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词）
in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事
win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)
win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)
Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者
失败是成功之母。
by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历
youth青春 a youth一个青年人
have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情
with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事
②抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.
Would you like to have a walk (swim, bath, talk) with me?
It is waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.
(2)物质名词是不可数名词，但表示数量或种类之多时，可以用作可数名词。如：
①物质名词有形或数的相应物体，有单、复数。如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些饮料, a drink一杯饮料，three drinks三杯饮料，his hair他的头发，a few grey hairs几根白发，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。
②物质名词有前置后置修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。 have breakfast
have a wonderful breakfast Time and tide wait for no man.
We had a wonderful time last night.
(3)有复数形式的不可数名词
①有些抽象名词往往以复数形式出现，起到一种丰富语言感情色彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。如：
Use your brains, please.
They have smoothed away the difficulties.
Have you made preparations for tomorrow’s meeting?
Many thanks for your kindness.
No pains, no gains.
After many failures, they finally succeeded.
②有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如：
The boy burst into tears at the bad news.
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.
3.名词所有格
（1）“’s”所有格的特殊表示形式有：
① 用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，如：today’s
newspaper, five minutes’ walk(drive),five pounds’ weight, ten dollars’ worth of coffee。
②用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。如：the earth’s planet, the word’s population, China’s industry, New York’s parks。
（2）“of”所有格的特殊表示方式有：
①表示“部分”时，一般在所修饰的名词前有一个表示数量的词（a、two、several、some、no、many等），如：Some students of Mister Zhang’s have gone to college.张老师的一些学生已经上大学了。
②表示“其中之一，其中一部分”的意思时，用：a friend of Tom’s
汤姆的一个朋友（许多朋友中的一位）。
③表示赞扬、批评或厌恶等感情色彩时，应该用：that/this/these/
those + 名词（单、复数）of Mary’s/yours/his/hers。如：
That invention of hers belongs to the world. 她的那项发明是属于全世界的（表赞赏）。
4、名词作定语
英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。
（1）分类意义。
air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友
coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax所得税
tennis ball网球 song writer歌曲作家
body language身体语言 road accident交通事故
Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖
（2）时间、地点、称呼等。
Doctor Jack杰克医生 Professor Li李教授
evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠
street dance 街舞 country music乡村音乐
village people村民 school education学校教育
China problem中国问题
（3）表目的、手段、来源，所属意义。
reception desk接待台 sports field田径场
stone table石桌 color TV彩电
weather report天气预报
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. (NMET 2001)
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
解析：答案为D。当名词前有what、so、as、too、quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等，应采取too/how + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词的形式。要记住一些类似的特殊结构，并加以分析。
2. The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key.
A. price B. prize C. reward D. money
解析：答案为C。price 价格，价钱；prize奖金。Ｄ项是钱，属不可数名词，题中所要填的是“酬金，报酬”。注意正确理解名词的含义及其搭配是活用语言的基础，在复习备考中要熟练掌握考纲中一些名词的词义、搭配、习惯等，才能更好辨析名词，从而选择最符合句意的选项。
3.You’ll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London.
A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness
解析：答案为C。本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及“be of + 抽象名词”结构。Price (价格)，cost（价钱，费用，成本）不符合题意，value作“quality of being useful or desirable”解时，常与of搭配，在句中作表语或补语，意为“有用，有价值”。故选择value。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达，题中“of + 抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。
4.If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off .
A. a price B. price C. the price D. price
解析：答案为C。本题考冠词和名词。全句合理句意应是：如果你买超过10个，他们从（现在标出的）价格上减价20便士。此处价格是特指的定价，所以C项最佳。
5.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine moths, the sailing time was 226 days.
[高考英语复习资料]