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中秋节的来历英文版
中秋节，又称“月夕”、“秋节”、“仲秋节”、“八月节”、“八月会”、“追月节”、“玩月节”、“拜月节”、“女儿节”、“团圆节”，下面是小编整理的中秋节的来历英文版，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
中秋节的来历英文版
"Zhong Qiu Jie", which is also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. It is atime for family members and loved ones to congregate and enjoy the full moon -an auspicious symbol of abundance, harmony and luck. Adults will usuallyindulge in fragrant mooncakes of many varieties with a good cup of piping hotChinese tea, while the little ones run around with their brightly-lit lanterns.
"Zhong Qiu Jie" probably began asa harvest festival. The festival was later given a mythological flavour withlegends of Chang’e, the beautiful lady in the moon.
According to Chinese mythology, the earthonce had 10 suns circling over it. One day, all 10 suns appeared together,scorching the earth with their heat. The earth was saved when a strong archer,Houyi, succeeded in shooting down 9 of the suns. Yi stole the elixir of life tosave the people from his tyrannical rule, but his wife, Chang-E drank it. Thusstarted the legend of the lady in the moon to whom young Chinese girls wouldpray at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
During the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.1206-1368)China was ruled by the Mongolian people. Leaders from the preceding SungDynasty (A.D.960-1279) were unhappy at submitting to foreign rule, and set howto coordinate the rebellion without it being discovered. The leaders of therebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing near, ordered the makingof special cakes. Packed into each mooncakes was a message with the outline ofthe attack. On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attackedand overthrew the government. What followed was the establishment of the MingDynasty (A.D. 1368-1644). Today, moon cakes are eaten to commemorate thisevent.
Mid-Autumn Day is a traditional Festival inChina. Almost everyone likes to eat mooncakes on that day. Most families have adinner together to celebrate the festival. A saying goes, "The moon inyour hometown is almost always the brightest and roundest". Many peoplewho live far away from homes want to go back to have a family reunion. Howhappy it is to enjoy the moon cakes while watching the full moon with yourfamily members.
农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日——中秋节。在这天，每个家庭都团聚在一起，一家人共同观赏象征丰裕、和谐和幸运的圆月。此时，大人们吃着美味的月饼，品着热腾腾的香茗，而孩子们则在一旁拿着灯笼尽情玩耍。
中秋节最早可能是一个庆祝丰收的节日。后来，月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的神话故事赋予了它神话色彩。
传说古时候，天空曾有10个太阳。一天，这10个太阳同时出现，酷热难挡。弓箭手后翌射下了其中9个太阳，拯救了地球上的生灵。他偷了长生不死药，却被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下。此后，每年中秋月圆之时，少女们都要向月宫仙女嫦娥祈福的传说便流传开来。
在元朝，蒙古人统治中国。前朝统治者们不甘心政权落入外族之手，于是密谋策划联合起义。正值中秋将近，起义首领就命令部下制作一种特别的月饼，把起义计划藏在每个月饼里。到中秋那天，起义军获取胜利，推翻了元朝，建立明朝。今天，人们吃月饼纪念此事。
中秋节是中国的传统的节日。几乎每个人都喜欢在那一天吃月饼。大多数家庭一起共进晚餐庆祝中秋。有句俗话说：“月是故乡明”。很多远离家乡的游子们都希望中秋佳节的时候能回家与家人团聚，和亲爱的家人一起一边赏月一边吃着月饼是一件多么幸福是事情啊!
festival name
Multiple appellations
Mid-Autumn Festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the second month of autumn, it is marked by the full moon of May, which is in the middle of Sanqiu, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". This night, the moonlight is brighter than usual, which is also called "moonlight". Because the Mid-Autumn Festival is in autumn and August, also known as "Autumn Festival" and "August Festival"; Because the sacrifice to the moon and Yue Bai is also called "Moon Festival" and "Moon Festival"; The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughters Day" because families get together and married daughters go home for reunion. In mid-autumn season, all kinds of melons and fruits are mature and listed, which is called "Fruit Festival". Dong people call it Pumpkin Festival, Mulao people call it Afterlife Festival, and Korean people call it Autumn Festival or Jiapai Festival.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Correcting the Moon". The record of "Reunion Festival" was first seen in the literary works of the Ming Dynasty. "Notes on the Tour of the West Lake" said: "August 15th is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send mooncakes as a token of reunion." "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of Dijing" also said: "On the 15th of August, when the moon is sacrificed, the cakes will be round, the melons will be wrongly divided, and the petals will be carved like lotus flowers. ..... Those who have a wife who will return to Ning will return to their husbands house one day, which is also called the Reunion Festival. "
At first, the festival of "Sacrificing the Moon" was held on the day of "Autumn Equinox" in the 24th solar term of the Ganzhi calendar, and was later transferred to August 15th of the summer calendar (lunar calendar). According to Chinas calendar, the eighth month of the lunar calendar is in the middle of autumn, which is the second month of autumn, and it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival", while the fifteenth day of August is in the middle of it, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival".
Discrimination of names
The word Mid-Autumn Festival was first seen in Zhou Li Xia Guan Sima: "Mid-Autumn Festival, teach soldiers." Now some people write "Mid-Autumn Festival", strictly speaking, it should be "Mid-Autumn Festival". Because the concept of time represented by "Mid-Autumn" is a whole month in the middle of autumn. The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books records the whole lunar calendar in August with the Mid-Autumn Department and the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th with the Mid-Autumn Department. In this regard, the Ming Dynastys Xu Jus "Things Primitive" quoted the Tang Dynasty poet Ouyang Zhans "Playing with the Moon" as a preface: "Autumn is in time, then summer and winter; August is in autumn, and the season begins and ends in Meng. The fifteenth day is in the night and the middle of the month. If you are in heaven, you will be cold and hot; Take the number of months, then the toad and rabbit are round, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. It is said that this day is among Sanqiu, and it is also called the moon and the evening.
节日名称
多重称谓
中秋节，是仲秋之节，在进入秋季的第二个月，以十五月圆为标志，这天正值三秋之中，故谓之“中秋”。此夜月色比平时更亮，又谓之“月夕”。因为中秋节在秋季、八月，又名“秋节”、“八月节”；因为祭月、拜月，又叫“月节”、“月亮节”；中秋家人团聚，出嫁的女儿回家团圆，因此又称“团圆节”、“女儿节”；仲秋时节各种瓜果成熟上市，因称“果子节”。侗族称为“南瓜节”，仫佬族称为“后生节”，朝鲜族称为“秋夕节”或“嘉徘”等。
中秋节还被称为“端正月”。关于“团圆节”的记载最早见于明代文学作品。《西湖游览志余》中说：“八月十五谓中秋，民间以月饼相送，取团圆之意。”《帝京景物略》中也说：“八月十五祭月，其饼必圆，分瓜必牙错，瓣刻如莲花。……其有妇归宁者，是日必返夫家，曰团圆节也。”
最初“祭月节”的节期是在干支历二十四节气“秋分”这天，后来才调至夏历（农历）八月十五。根据中国的历法，农历八月在秋季中间，为秋季的第二个月，称为“仲秋”，而八月十五又在“仲秋”之中，所以称“中秋”。
名称辨析
中秋一词，最早见于《周礼·夏官司马·大司马》：“中秋，教治兵。”现在也有的写作“仲秋节”，严格地说应为“中秋节”。因为“仲秋”所表示的时间概念是秋天中间的整整一个月。《古今图书集成》用“仲秋部”记载整个的阴历八月，用“中秋部”记载八月十五中秋节这一天。对此，明人徐炬《事物原始》引唐诗人欧阳詹《玩月》序云：“秋之于时，后夏先冬；八月于秋，季始孟终。十五于夜，又月之中。稽于天道，则寒暑均；取诸月数，则蟾兔圆，故曰‘中秋’。言此日为三秋之中也，又谓之月夕。
Festive folklore
Prosperous custom
Eat moon cakes
Moon cakes, also known as moon group, harvest cake, palace cake and reunion cake, are tributes to the moon god in ancient Mid-Autumn Festival. Moon cakes were originally used as offerings to worship the moon god. Later, people gradually regarded the Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of family reunion. Moon cakes symbolize a happy reunion. People regard them as holiday food, and use them to worship the moon and give them to relatives and friends. Historically, eating moon cakes is not an indispensable activity of Mid-Autumn Festival, and there were no moon cakes specially made for Mid-Autumn Festival in Tang and Song Dynasties. However, since the appearance of Mid-Autumn Moon Cake in Ming Dynasty, it has become a necessary part of Mid-Autumn custom. The original moon cakes originated from the food of Zhu Jie, an army in the Tang Dynasty. During Tang Gaozus reign, the general Li Jing conquered the Turks by the hidden message of moon cakes, and won the victory on August 15th. Since then, eating moon cakes has become an annual custom. The writers of the Song Dynasty were thorough, and the name of "moon cake" was first mentioned in "Old Things in Wulin", which described what Lin an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, saw. In the Ming Dynasty, eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival gradually spread among the people. At that time, ingenious bakers printed the Goddess Change flying to the moons fairy tales on mooncakes as food art drawings, making mooncakes a necessary food for the Mid-Autumn Festival. Up to now, eating moon cakes has become a necessary custom for Mid-Autumn Festival in northern and southern parts of China. On this day, people eat moon cakes to show "reunion".
Traditional festivals in China have the characteristics of valuing human relations and attaching importance to family ties, and the reunion of relatives and the prosperity of people are the blessings during festivals. Among them, two festivals are more prominent in emphasizing family reunion, one is the Spring Festival and the other is the Mid-Autumn Festival. Since the Mid-Autumn Festival in the Tang Dynasty, the full moon has been associated with human reunion. With the changes of the times, the theme of human reunion has become more and more prominent and important. This theme is closely related to the fact that the Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the full moon, which can be regarded as a feature of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and it is poetic because of its connection with the bright moon. If folks have children outside and cant go home for reunion on this day, both parents and children will feel particularly sorry. In modern society, when it is difficult for people to reunite with their loved ones, they often call back or send letters to greet them. In the past, in addition to family reunion, friends also had the custom of gathering to enjoy the moon and exchange poems.
Send gifts to each other
Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been activities of exchanging moon cakes and melons and fruits in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Now, this custom is more popular and has evolved into an unrestricted exchange of gifts in the name of festivals. Giving gifts to each other is a kind of beautiful custom, which embodies the good intentions and good morality of caring for each other, respecting the elderly and loving the young, and is also an important way to close interpersonal relationships and express inner feelings.
Universal custom
Enjoy the moon (play with the moon)
Folk Mid-Autumn Festival activities began in Wei and Jin Dynasties, but they did not become a habit. The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival was formally formed in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, it was quite popular to enjoy and play with the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. Ouyang Zhan in the Tang Dynasty said in the preface to the poem "Playing with the Moon": "The moon can be played, playing with the moon is ancient. Xie Fu Bao Shi, in front of the pavilion, in the bright building, all play with the moon ... "The legend of Tang Ming Emperor visiting the Moon Palace on the Mid-Autumn Festival night and watching the fairy dance" is the epitome of the custom of playing with the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, playing with the moon was also very common among the people. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, in order to enjoy the bright moon, the rich build their own colorful buildings, and the poor gather in restaurants. Good tourists climb to the top of the mountain or go boating on the water. Scholars write poems, artists talk about the past, drink and sing songs for entertainment, and often stay up all night and enjoy the moon. In the Song Dynasty, a Mid-Autumn Festival centered on the activities of appreciating the moon was formed and officially designated as the Mid-Autumn Festival. Wu Zimu in the Southern Song Dynasty once described the scene of playing with the moon in Hangzhou at that time in Dream Liang Lu: "Wang Suns son, a rich family, has to climb a dangerous building and play with the moon on the porch." Or open a wide pavilion, feast and list, harp and harp sonorous, drink and sing, to predict the joy of the evening. Even if its a house with a mat, its also a small platform to arrange family dinners and group children to reward the festival. Although the poor people in the mean streets are poor, they are reluctant to waste their time. This night, the street sells and buys until the five drums, playing with tourists on the moon, dancing in the city, and never stopping. " Appreciating the moon was the main custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it declined after Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to ancient literature, when the Mid-Autumn Festival was just formed, enjoying the moon was a matter for literati and citizens, but the activities of farmers enjoying the moon were not recorded. In modern times, there are various ways to enjoy the moon in Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition to the traditional moon-watching postures such as climbing high and boating, there are also new ways to enjoy the moon, such as ferris wheel, flying, camping and live broadcast.
After the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the still-to-be-finished moon-watching performance was "Chasing the Moon". The so-called "chasing the moon" means inviting friends and relatives to continue to enjoy the moon on the night after the Mid-Autumn Festival. According to the preface of Lingnan Miscellaneous Notes by Chen Zihou, a Qing dynasty, "Good people in central Guangdong gather in Izayoi in August to treat wine and dishes and enjoy the moon, which is called chasing the moon."
appreciate the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival
celebrate a bumper harvest
Mid-August is the harvest season, when new grain is put into storage and melons and fruits are on the market. It is natural to worship God with these new grain and fruits as offerings in the past. Thank the gods for their gifts and pray for a good harvest in the coming year. After the custom of worship of gods weakened and even disappeared, the connotation of this custom evolved into celebrating the harvest. At least in many rural areas, people must prepare rich meals on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, eat enough, and prepare a lot of fresh melons and fruits for their families to eat enough, which means celebrating after the harvest. In the past, the Mid-Autumn Festival in Qingyun rural area of Shandong Province was dedicated to the earth valley, which was called "Young Miao Society". Qingcheng rural areas also have the custom of resigning from crops first. Farmers in Taiwan Province also worship the landowner in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and "the landowners crutch" in the field. This crutch is to put "the landowners gold" in bamboo, that is, paper money for the landowner.
Game entertainment
Based on the Mid-Autumn Festival customs in various places, there are a variety of games and entertainment activities, such as walking on the moon, visiting night markets, garden parties, setting off fireworks, burning pagoda lights, setting off Kongming lanterns, watching lantern festivals, solve riddles on the lanterns, swinging, dragon dancing, cake-making, playing with rabbits, singing the moon, watching flower exhibitions and performing arts. Different from reunion and eating moon cakes in their respective families, most of them are activities in public places, which is also an essential part of large-scale festivals, rendering the festive atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is both lively and powerful.
Solve riddles on the lanterns: There are many lanterns hanging in public places on the Mid-Autumn Festival full moon night. People gather together to guess the riddles written on the lanterns. Because they are the favorite activities of most young men and women, love stories are also heard in these activities. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival solve riddles on the lanterns is also derived from a form of love between men and women.
solve lantern riddles; guess riddles on hanging lanterns
Playing with lanterns: There is no large lantern festival like Lantern Festival in Mid-Autumn Festival, and playing with lanterns is mainly between families and children. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, in the Old Wulin Story, it was recorded that the Mid-Autumn Festival was a custom, and there was an activity of "putting a little red lamp into the river to drift and play". Playing lanterns in the Mid-Autumn Festival is mostly concentrated in the south. For example, at the autumn festival in Foshan, there are all kinds of colored lights: sesame lights, eggshell lights, wood shavings lights, straw lights, fish scales lights, chaff lights, melon seeds lights, birds, animals, flowers and trees lights, etc.
Mid-autumn lantern
Enjoy osmanthus and drink osmanthus wine: people often eat moon cakes to enjoy osmanthus in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and eat all kinds of foods made of osmanthus, among which cakes and sweets are the most common. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the osmanthus in the middle of the month, smelling the Gui Xiang, drinking a cup of osmanthus wine and celebrating the sweetness of the family have become a beautiful enjoyment of the festival. In modern times, people mostly take red wine instead.
节日民俗
兴盛习俗
吃月饼
月饼，又叫月团、丰收饼、宫饼、团圆饼等，是古代中秋祭拜月神的贡品。月饼最初是用来祭奉月神的供品，后来人们逐渐把中秋赏月与品尝月饼，作为家人团圆的一大象征。月饼象征着大团圆，人们把它当作节日食品，用它祭月、赠送亲友。从历史上看，吃月饼并不是中秋节不可缺少的活动，唐宋时期就没有专门为中秋而制作的月饼可吃。但自明朝出现中秋月饼之后，它就成为中秋习俗的必要组成部分。最初的月饼，起源于唐朝军队祝捷食品。唐高祖年间，大将军李靖征讨突厥靠月饼隐蔽的传话得胜，八月十五日凯旋，此后，吃月饼成为每年的习俗。宋代的文学家周密，在记叙南宋都城临安见闻的《武林旧事》中首次提到“月饼”之名称。明代，中秋吃月饼在民间逐渐流传。当时心灵手巧的饼师，把嫦娥奔月的神话故事作为食品艺术图案印在月饼上，使月饼成为更受人民青睐的中秋佳节的必备食品。发展至今，吃月饼已经是中国南北各地过中秋节的必备习俗，中秋节这天人们都要吃月饼以示“团圆”。
中国传统节日有贵人伦、重亲情的特点，过节以亲人团聚、人丁兴旺为福。其中又有两个节日在强调亲人团聚方面更加突出，一个是春节，一个是中秋节。自唐朝中秋节产生的时代起，就将月圆与人间团圆联系起来。随着时代的变迁，人间团圆的主题越来越突出、重要。这一主题是跟中秋节源于月圆密切相关的，可以看作中秋节的一个特色，而且由于跟明月联系起来而富于诗意。民间如果这天有儿女在外，不能回家团圆，家长和儿女双方都会觉得特别遗憾。现代社会人们与亲人团圆难以如愿时，也多会打回电话或书信问候。过去除了家人团聚，朋友也有聚会赏月、交流诗文等习俗。
互送礼品
从明代开始，就有了中秋节互送月饼、瓜果的活动。现在，这种习俗更加盛行，并演变为没有局限性的，以节日的名义互送礼物。互送礼品是一种美俗，它体现的是人与人之间的互相关心、互相尊重、敬老爱幼等美好心意和优良品德，也是密切人际关系、表达内心情感的重要方式。
普遍习俗
赏月（玩月）
民间中秋赏月活动约始魏晋时期，但未成习。中秋赏月风俗正式形成于唐代。唐代，中秋赏月、玩月颇为盛行，许多诗人的名篇中都有咏月的诗句。唐代欧阳詹在《玩月》诗序中说：“月可玩，玩月，古也。谢赋鲍诗，朓之亭前，亮之楼中，皆玩月也……”《唐逸史》等书中记载的唐明皇中秋之夜游览月宫、观看仙女跳“霓裳羽衣舞”的传说，就是唐朝宫廷中秋玩月习俗的缩影。当时在民间，玩月也很普遍。中秋之夜，为赏玩明月，富者多自搭彩楼，贫者多集于酒楼，好游者或登高于山顶，或泛舟于水上，文人赋诗，艺人说古，饮酒欢歌，唱酬娱乐，往往通宵达旦，极尽玩月之欢。宋代，形成了以赏月活动为中心的中秋民俗节日，正式定为中秋节。南宋吴自牧在《梦粱录》中曾这样描绘当时杭州城中的玩月情景：“王孙公子，富家巨室，莫不登危楼，临轩玩月。或开广榭，玳筵罗列，琴瑟铿锵，酌酒高歌，以卜竟夕之欢。至如铺席之家，亦登小小月台，安排家宴，团圞子女，以酬佳节。虽陋巷贫窭之人，解衣市酒，勉强迎欢，不肯虚度。此夜天街卖买，直至五鼓，玩月游人，婆娑于市，至晓不绝。”赏月在唐宋时期是中秋节的主要习俗，明清以后此习俗衰退。从古代文献来看，中秋节刚形成的时候，赏月就是文人和市民的事情，农民赏月的活动没见记载。现代，中秋赏月方式多样化，除登高望月、泛舟赏月等传统的赏月姿势外，又诞生了摩天轮赏月、坐飞机赏月、露营赏月、直播赏月等赏月新方式。
过了农历八月十五，兴犹未尽的赏月演为“追月”。所谓“追月”，即是于中秋节次日的晚上，邀约亲朋好友，继续赏月。据清人陈子厚《岭南杂事钞》序云：“粤中好事者，于八月十六夜，集亲朋治酒肴赏月，谓之追月。”
中秋赏月
庆丰收
八月中旬正是丰收的季节，新粮进仓，瓜果上市，过去用这些新粮新果作供品敬神是很自然的事，感谢神灵的恩赐，祈祷来年好收成。在神灵崇拜习俗衰弱以至消失之后，这个习俗的内涵演变为庆祝丰收。至少在许多乡村，人们在中秋节的夜晚一定要准备丰盛的饭菜，吃得很饱，准备很多新鲜的瓜果让家里人吃个够，有丰收后纵情欢庆的意思。山东庆云农村过去中秋节要祭土谷，叫做“青苗社”；青城农村还有辞先稼的习俗。台湾农民也在中秋节祭拜土地公，并在田间插“土地公拐杖”，这种拐杖就是在竹子里夹上“土地公金”即给土地公的纸钱。
游戏娱乐
综合各地的中秋节俗，游戏娱乐的活动丰富多彩，可谓五花八门，如走月亮、逛夜市、游园会、放烟花、燃宝塔灯、放孔明灯、看灯会、猜灯谜、荡秋千、舞龙、会饼、玩兔爷、歌会（唱月亮）、看花展、文艺演出等。与在各自家庭里的团聚、吃月饼不同，它们大都是在公共场所进行的活动，这也是大型节日的必要组成部分，渲染了中秋节的节日氛围，既热闹又很有声势。
猜灯谜：中秋月圆夜在公共场所挂着许多灯笼，人们都聚集在一起，猜灯笼身上写的谜语，因为是大多数年轻男女喜爱的活动，同时在这些活动上也传出爱情佳话，因此中秋猜灯谜也被衍生了一种男女相恋的形式。
猜灯谜
玩花灯：中秋没有像元宵节那样的大型灯会，玩灯主要只是在家庭、儿童之间进行的。早在北宋《武林旧事》中，记载中秋夜节俗，就有‘将“一点红”灯放入江中漂流玩耍的活动。中秋玩花灯，多集中在南方。如佛山秋色会上，就有各种各式的彩灯：芝麻灯、蛋壳灯、刨花灯、稻草灯、鱼鳞灯、谷壳灯、瓜籽灯及鸟兽花树灯等。
中秋花灯
赏桂花、饮桂花酒：人们经常在中秋时吃月饼赏桂花，食用桂花制作的各种食品，以糕点、糖果最为多见。中秋之夜，仰望着月中丹桂，闻着阵阵桂香，喝一杯桂花蜜酒，欢庆合家甜甜蜜蜜，已成为节日一种美的享受。到了现代，人们多是拿红酒代替。
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