高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析(北京卷)
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高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析(北京卷) 1
As a child, I was truly afraid of the dark and of getting lost; these fears were very real and caused me some uncomfortable moments.
Maybe it was the strange ___1___ things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that ___2___ me so much. There was never total ___3___, but a streetlight or passing car lights ___4___clothes hung over a chair take on the ___5___ of a wild animal. Out of the corner of my ___6___, I saw the curtains seem to move when there was no ___7___. A tiny sound in the floor would seem a hundred times louder than in the daylight. My ___8___ would run wild, and my heart would beat fast. I would ___9___ very still so that the "enemy" would not discover me.
Another of my childhood fears was that I would get lost, ___10___ on the way home from school. Every morning I get on the school bus right near my home--that was no ___11___. After school, ___12___, when all the buses were ___13___ up along the street, I was afraid that Id get on the wrong one, and be taken to some ___14___ neighborhood. On school or family trips to a park or museum, I wouldnt ___15___ the leaders out of my sight.
Perhaps one of the worst fears ___16___ all I had as a child was that of not being liked or ___17___ by others. Being popular was so important to me ___18___, and the fear of not being liked was a ___19___ one.
One of the processes (过程) of growing up is being able to ___20___ and overcome our fears. Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.
1. A. way B. time C. place D. reason
2. A. wounded B. destroyed C. surprised D. frightened
3. A. quietness B. darkness C. emptiness D. loneliness
4. A. got B. forced C. made D. caused
5. A. spirit B. height C. body D. shape
6. A. eye B. window C. mouth D. door
7. A. breath B. wind C. air D. sound
8. A. belief B. feeling C. imagination D. doubt
9. A. lay B. hide C. rest D. lie
10. A. especially B. simply C. probably D. directly
11. A. discussion B. problem C. joke D. matter
12. A. though B. yet C. although D. still
13. A. called B. backed C. lined D. packed
14. A. old B. crowded C. poor D. unfamiliar
15. A. leave B. let C. order D. send
16. A. above B. in C. of D. at
17. A. protected B. guided C. believed D. accepted
18. A. then B. there C. once D. anyway
19. A. strict B. powerful C. heavy D. right
20. A. realize B. remember C. recognize D. recover
1-5ADBCD 6-10ABCDA 11-15BACDB 15-20CDABC
解题分析
1、 A 逻辑推理词义辨析 也许是晚上作者熟悉的房间里的物件看上去有些奇怪和发出奇怪的声响。这里已提及发生的时间(time)是在晚上,地点(place)是在作者熟悉的房间,作者无从知道其原因(reason),而是事情发生的方式(way)困惑着他。
2、 D 词义比较
前后照应 前文出现了I was truly afraid of the dark and of getting lost.奇怪的外表和奇怪的声音使作者担惊受怕(frightened)。wound击伤,伤害; frighten使惊吓;destroy破坏, 毁坏;surprise使惊奇, 奇袭。
3、 B 前后照应逻辑推理 没有完全的黑暗(darkness)。quietness寂静;emptiness 空虚;loneliness 孤独, 寂寞,此三项与文意不符。
4、 C 词汇用法 get sb. To do sth使/叫某人做某事;force sb. to do sth迫使某人做某事; cause sb. to do sth致使某人做某事;make sb. do sth使某人做某事,make的结构中不带to。
5、 D 逻辑推理常识运用词义比较 但是街灯或是驶过的车灯照在椅子上挂着的衣服上呈现出的是野兽的外形(shape),而不是野兽的灵魂(spirit),身高(height)和身体(body)。spirit灵魂, 幽灵;height 高度;body 身体,尸体;shape外形, 形状, 形态。
6、 A 前后照应固定搭配 注意与后面的saw一致。out of the corner of ones eye从眼角往外看。
7、 B 常识运用逻辑推理 作者看到窗帘似乎在动,当没有风(wind)的时候,而不是没有呼吸(breath),空气(air)和声音(sound),只有风才能使窗帘动。
8、 C 词义比较逻辑推理 只要有一点点声音,作者就会胡思乱想(imagination),心跳也会加剧。belief 信任,信仰;feeling感觉, 情绪;imagination 想象, 空想;doubt怀疑, 疑惑。
9、 D 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较 作者就会一动也不动地躺着(lie),而不是躲藏(hide),睡眠(rest),以便不让"敌人"发现。lay放置,是及物动词,不合文意。
10、 A 常识运用前后照应 与后文相一致。特别是在放学回家的路上怕走失。especially特别, 尤其;simply简单地,简直;probably大概, 或许; directly直接地, 立即。
11、 B 前后照应逻辑推理 早上去学校,就在家附近搭车,不怕走失,用不着讨论(discussion),不开玩笑(joke),不是什么大事(matter),自然没有什么问题(problem)。
12、 A 语句连贯词汇用法 前后句之间表示转折关系,此空需要一个副词。此题四个选项都可表示转折关系,although是连词,后面需接从句;though作连词,后跟从句,与although差不多,他还可作副词,置于句末时,用逗号分开,置于句中时,前后用逗号分开,表示与前面的句子之间的转折关系,通常译为"虽然/即使如此";yet和still也可表示转折关系,但它们通常置于句首,用逗号分开。
13、 C 逻辑推理常识运用词义比较 当所有的车子都沿街排列(line up)停靠时,作者担心会上错车。A. call up召唤,打电话;back up支持, 倒退;line up整队, 排列起;pack up打包, 整理。
14、 D 常识运用逻辑推理 担心上错车,而被带到不熟悉的(unfamiliar)地方,因而走失迷路。
15、 B 逻辑推理词义比较 作者总会跟着领队,不会让(let)他离开作者视线。let 让,允许;leave离开,留下;order命令;send遣送。
16 、C 词汇用法固定搭配 …of all所有之中……。
17、 D 前后照应词汇用法 作者最担心的'是不被他人喜欢或理解(accept)。后句的Being popular was so important to me有所暗示。注意句中的并列连词or所表示的意义"或者说,换言之",后面需跟一个与其前面的词意义类似的词。protect保护;guide指导,带领;believe相信,信任;accept接受, 认可,理解, 了解。
18、 A 前后照应逻辑推理 当时,对作者来讲,重要的是受人欢迎的、爱戴。then指前文提到的作者做孩子的时候。there那儿;once曾经;anyway无论如何, 总之。
19、 B 前后照应逻辑推理词义比较 作者很大(powerful)程度地担心不被他人喜欢。strict严格的, 严厉的;powerful强大的, 有力的; heavy沉重,繁重;right正确,合适。
20、 C 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较前后照应 成长的过程就是认清恐惧并战胜恐惧。后文的Understanding the things that frightened us as children 已有所暗示。Realize意识到, 了解;remember回忆起,记得; recognize认清, 识别,认识到;recover重新获得, 恢复。
高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析(北京卷) 2
Here I must put in a few words about my experience here in China. If I have ___1___ with a Chinese host, he always presses___2___ food onto my plate as soon as I have emptied the previous helping(份额). That often makes me ___3___ very awkward(尴尬). I have to eat the food even if I don’t ___4___ it, because it is considered ___5___ manners in the West to ___6___ one’s food on the plate. I have also ___7___ that when a Chinese sits at an American’s dinner party, he very often ___8___ the offer of food or drink though he is in fact still hungry or ___9___. This might be good manners inChina, but it is certainly___10___ in the West. In the United States, it is___11___ to keep asking someone again and again or press something on him. Americans are very ___12___. If they want something, they will ask for it. If not, they will say, “__13__” Here’s an example: When an American is offered ___14__ by the host, and he doesn’t feel like beer, he will probably say, “No, thanks. I just don’t feel like it. I’ll ___15___ some diet Pepsi-Cola if you have it.” That is ___16__ an American will do. ___17___are taught that “Honesty is the best policy”. But in some countries, courtesy(谦虚) might be more important than ___18___. So when I am here in China, I have to observe the ___19___ here. But when you go to ___20___, you had better “Do as the Romans do.”
1. A. trouble B. dinner C. words D. difficulty
2. A. more B. much C. enough D. little
3. A. think B. taste C. feel D. smell
4. A. eat B. like C. drink D. help
5. A. important B. bad C. polite D. rude
6. A. take B. leave C. forget D. pass
7. A. noticed B. minded C. heard D. informed
8. A. accepts B. refuses C. nods D. gives
9. A. thirsty B. angry C. happy D. full
10. A. so B. kind C. not D. right
11. A. impolite B. good C. kind D. sad
12. A. honest B. direct C. short D. kind
13. A.. I’m sorry B. Yes, I want C. No, thanks D. Yes, please
14. A. food B. beer C. coffee D. tea
15. A. bring B. offer C. like D. take
16. A. that B. what C. whether D. how
17. A. Englishmen B. Frenchmen C. Americans D. Australians
18. A. manners B. honesty C. request D. order
19. A. customs B. habits C. action D. ways
20. A. China B. Rome C. the United States D. the United Nations
【答案与解析】
本文说的是中国与美国的风俗习惯问题。首先说的是“我”在中国的经历,对中国主人“劝饭”的做法不理解,有时觉得很尴尬;接着又通过在宴会上的例子说明在中国和美国哪些做法是礼貌的,并说要“入乡随俗”。
1. B。从后面的he always presses ___2___ food onto my plate…等来看,此处说的是吃饭时的礼节问题,故用dinner。
2. A。当我在中国做客时,主人总是在我吃完碗里的饭时又强夹给我更多的食物。
3. C。主人的这种做法让我觉得很尴尬。在这里应用系动词feel。taste(品尝)虽可作系动词,但不符合语境。
4. B。根据西方人的观点,吃饭时应把盘子里的饭都吃完,否则就是不礼貌。因此,当在中国吃饭时,尽管不喜欢主人硬给盛饭的这种做法,但只好把主人硬给盛的这些饭都吃了。
5. B。从语境来看,此处指“在西方把饭剩留在盘子里被认为是不礼貌的”。good manners 意为“有礼貌的”,bad manners 意为“没有礼貌的”。
6. B。西方人认为,把盘子里的饭吃干净是礼貌的,而把饭留在盘子里则是不礼貌的。leave 在此意为“留下,剩余”。
7. A。
8. B。从上下文可知,此处说的是“我”在一个美国人举行的宴会上所看到的一个中国人的做法,即他经常拒绝别人让他吃的食物或饮料,尽管他很饿或很渴。
9. A。前面说的是 food or drink,这里的 hungry 应与 thirsty 相对。
10. C。前面提到的“在饭桌上拒绝别人”的做法,在中国是有礼貌的,但这在西方确实是不礼貌的,前后形成对比。此句补充完整为:…but it is certainly not good manners in the West.
11. A。由上下文可知,在美国不停地一遍遍地问人家或把东西强加给他人是不礼貌的。
12. B。从下文的“如果他们想要东西,他们就要;如果不想要,就说‘不,谢谢’”等可知,这里说的是美国人很“直接”。direct 意为“直接的”,indirect 意为“间接的.”。
13. C。从下文举的例子来看,当他们不想要某样东西时,美国人常直接说 No, thanks。
14. B。从下句 and he doesn’t feel like beer, he will probably say… 来看,这里说的是“主人给美国人啤酒喝时……”。
15. D。前面说“不,谢谢。我不喜欢它。如果有 Pepsi-Cola 的话,就给我来点它吧”。take 在这里是“喝”的意思。
16. B。前面举例说明美国人的一些做法,即“这就是美国人的做法”。 what 在此引导表语从句。
17. C。本文谈论的就是中国人与美国人在餐桌上的礼仪问题,故此处应选 Americans。
18. B。根据上面的 Honesty is the best policy 可知,此处说的是“但是在一些国家谦虚也许是比诚实更重要的”。
19. A。本文谈论的是习惯问题,故用 customs。habits 说的是个人习惯,不符合语境。
20. C。由 but 可知此处说的是如果你到美国,就最好“入乡随俗”,亦即按美国的风俗做。
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