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考研试题专项训练－－细节句
细节句专项训练
1. One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. ____________________. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon — it's already here.
[A] Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
[B] They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open.
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card . ____________________. For many of us the “ cashless society ” is not on the horizon — it's already here.
举例说明
[A] Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
[B] They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open .
【答案】[B]。原文首先指出信用卡在美国使用率之高，结尾处又说“cashless society”已经成为现实，以此推断中间的空格处应该是和信用卡有关的内容。[B]中恰好是介绍了信用卡在各个领域的广泛应用，与上下文相稳合。[A]是计算机对于生产者的作用，虽然信用卡是属于计算机，但此答案不如[B]直接，所以应排除。
2. ____________________. Innovation is like soccer; ever the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.
[A] Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold (霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of laborious trial and error.
[B] The prime difference between innovators and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.
____________________. Innovation is like soccer; ever the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score .
举例说明
[A] Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold ( 霉 ) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of laborious trial and error .
[B] The prime difference between innovators and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.
【答案】[A]。空格后把创新比作足球，意在说明这种创造性思维要经过艰苦的努力才能取得最后的成功。选项[A]用了Alexander Fleming发明青霉素的例子与“untaught mind”作对比来说明一切发明创造都需要艰苦的努力，而不是“untaught mind”，恰好与下文的总结相稳合。选项[B]主要强调了“innovators”和“ordinary people”的区别，前者是“work consciously”、“solid possibilities”，后者是“fanciful abstractions”，此选项不如[A]与空格后的内容联系紧密，所以排除。
3. There is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. ____________________. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.
[A] In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.
[B] As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off.
There is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ . ____________________. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.
事实论证
[A] In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.
[B] As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off.
【答案】[B]。空格前指出人口流动性日益增大，下文中应有体现；空格后的一句话显然是对此段内容的概括性总结：获取信息的方法变得复杂了。[B]中的“As families move away...the informal flow”显然是对上文的总结，“and with it ...trustworthy and reliable”恰好说明了获取信息的困难，所以应为正确答案；[A]没有说明人口的流动性，而且它的意思与空格后面的意思重复，放在此处是不合适的。
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