英语语法倒装句解析：副词后的倒装

时间：2023-02-16 10:05:23 兆波英语语法我要投稿

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英语语法倒装句解析：副词后的倒装

　　倒装是将语句中的主语、谓语、宾语、状语等颠倒顺序的一种语法现象，常常具有强调语气，在古汉语文言文和英语语句中比较常见。以下是小编为大家整理的英语语法倒装句解析：副词后的倒装相关内容，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家。

英语语法倒装句解析：副词后的倒装

　　here 和 there 之后以及诸如 back, down, off, up 等一类的副词小品词之后，名词主语一般置于谓语之后。这类副词常与诸如 come 和 go 等转移动词一起连用。如：

　　Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train!

　　有辆出租车来了! 最后一班火车开走了! (注意这里不可用进行时)

　　Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.

　　下雨了，伞都撑了起来。

　　当我们给人东西或确定位置时，这种倒装常用在be之后(主语往往是复数)。如：

　　Here’s a cup of tea for you. 给你一杯茶。(给东西)

　　Here’s your letters. 这儿有你的信。(给与或指明)

　　There’s (重读) Johnny smith. 约翰尼·史密斯在那儿。(确定位置)

　　主语如是代词则不倒装。如：

　　Here it comes. 它来了。

　　There she goes. 她走了。

　　Up it went. 它上去了。

　　Here you are. 给你。

　　There she is. 她在那儿。

　　倒装结构

　　1.下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时，若置于句首，句子的主谓要部分倒装:

　　never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in no way, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner than, under no circumstances, in vain, still less. 如：

　　Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on.

　　Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.

　　2.以only修饰状语开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装

　　Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.

　　3.以下列副词或短语开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装

　　often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point，many a time。如：

　　So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

　　4.以下列副词开头的句子，句子的主谓要全部倒装

　　(1)出于修辞需要，表示方向的副词：out, down, in, up, away, on。如：

　　Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.

　　(2)出于习惯用法：here, there, now, thus, hence, then。如：

　　Now is your turn.?There goes the bell.

　　5.让步从句的倒装

　　(1)as引导让步状语从句，必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。如：

　　Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job.

　　(2)出现在句型be+主语+其他, come what may中。如：

　　Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge—be it scientific or artistic.

　　The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.?Come what may, I’ll be on your side.

　　6.比较从句的倒装

　　as, than引导的比较从句中，如果主语是名词短语且较长，经常采用倒装结构(不倒装也可以)。注意：这种结构主语一般为名词，如果是代词则不倒装。如：

　　Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce.?Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.

　　倒装句之部分倒装

　　部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

　　1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

　　Never have I seen such a performance.

　　Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

　　Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

　　当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

　　注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。

　　I have never seen such a performance.

　　The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

　　典型例题

　　1)Why can't I smoke here?

　　At no time___ in the meeting-room

　　A. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permitted

　　C. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit

　　答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

　　2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

　　A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know

　　答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。

　　改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

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