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英语语法与惯用法知识点总结
一、语法与惯用法知识点：习惯上后接in doing sth的常见名词
1.delay 耽搁; 延迟，拖延
用于delay in doing sth，表示“在做某事方面的耽搁”。如：
Excuse me for my delay in answering your letter.
迟复为歉。
My delay in going abroad is due to my illness.
我推迟出国是由于我生病了。
2. delight 快乐，乐趣
用于delight in doing sth，表示“做某事的乐趣”“以做某事为乐”。如：
He finds delight in giving to others.
他以助人为乐。
I find a perverse delight in listening to traffic.
我从听车流噪音中找到一种怪异的乐趣。
注意有用结构take delight in doing sth(喜欢做某事，从做某事中取乐)。如：
She took delight in teasing me.
她老爱跟我开玩笑。
Now many people take delight in watching TV.
现在许多人都喜欢看电视。
He takes great delight in proving others wrong.
他的极大乐趣是证实别人错了。
3. harm 危害
用于 harm in doing sth，表示“做某事的危害”，尤其用于no harm in doing sth结构。如：
What’s the harm in having a little fun?
开点玩笑有什么不好?
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.
他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。
The problem may not arise, but there’s no harm in keeping our powder dry.
问题不一定会发生，但有备无患并无害处。
4. interest 兴趣
表示做某事的兴趣，其后通常接in doing sth。如：
I have an interest in learning about computers.
我对学计算机有兴趣。
My cousin expressed an interest in seeing where I work.
我的表亲说有兴趣看一看我工作的地方。
These arguments suggest that the medical establishment had an interest in suppressing the research.
这些证据表明医学权威曾有意禁止这项研究。
5. success 成功
用于success in doing sth，表示“在做某事方面成功”“成功做成某事”。如：
Did you have any success in persuading her to come?
你说服了要她来吗?
She had little success in getting new customers.
她没能赢得什么新顾客。
I’ve had some success in getting rid of the weeds.
我除草干得颇为出色。
二、语法与惯用法知识点：习惯上后接on doing sth的名词
1. ban 禁止
用于ban on doing sth，表示“对做某事的禁止”“禁止做某事”。如：
We have put a ban on smoking.
我们已禁止吸烟。
There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas.
应该禁止在电影院大声说话。
The government has announced the ban on gambling.
政府宣布不准的禁令。
2. concentration 专注，集中精力
用于concentration on doing sth，表示“专注做某事”。如：
concentration on providing quality value and service .
专注提供价值和服务
3. constraint 限制
用于constraint on doing sth，表示“对做某事的限制”“限制做某事”。如：
Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans.
开支受到限制使这家公司不得不重新考虑它的计划。
4. curb控制，约束
用于curb on doing sth，表示“对做某事的控制(约束)”。如：
Many companies have imposed curbs on smoking in the workplace.
许多公司已经限制在工作场所吸烟。
5. insistence 坚持
用于insistence on doing sth，表示“对做某事的坚持”“支持做某事”。如：
She called him a male chauvinist because of his insistence on calling all women “girls”.
她说他是一个大男子主义者，因为他坚持把所有的女人叫做“女孩”。
He admired your insistence on understanding things and making your point, even when he preferred his own.
虽然他偏向于自己的观点是对的，但他还是很佩服你这种理解事情和把自己的观点解释清楚的坚持精神
三、语法与惯用法知识点：惯用语as it is的理解与用法
用法一：其中的as 表示“像……一样”“按……的样子”，as it is 的意思是“像它现在的这个样子”“按原样”“按照它实际的情况”。如：
Leave it as it is.
听其自然。
It’s good enough as it is.
照现在这个样子已经很不错了。
They agree to buy the house just as it is.
他们同意照房子原状买下来。
用于二：表示对目前的情况所作出的判断，尤其强调目前的情况与原来料想的不一样。通常译为“实际上”“照现状看”“看样子”。如：
We can’t take on any more work—we’re fully stretched as it is.
我们不能再接别的工作了，我们已是在拼命了。
He seemed to be around fifty, but as it was, he was over sixty.
他看上去只有 50岁左右，但事实上他已经60多岁了。
As it is, he is a noble-hearted man with profound thinking.
事实上，他是一个心灵高尚，思想深刻的人。
I thought I might be transferred but as it is I shall have to look for a new job.
我以为我可能调动工作，照目前情况看我得另找工作了。
We were hoping to have a holiday next week—as it is, we may not be able to get away.
我们原来盼望着下星期放假——看样子走不了了。
I hoped things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.
我本来是希望情况会变好的，可照现在的样子看，情况是越来越糟。
用法三：表示“已经”“早就是”，与 already相似。如：
Just keep quiet—you’re in enough trouble as it is.
不要吵闹，你们惹的麻烦已经不少了。
I can’t help—I’ve got too much to do as it is.
我不能帮忙了——我已经有不少工作了。
Don’t say anything else; you’re in enough trouble as it is.
不要再说了，你现在已经够麻烦的啦。
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